{"id":17528,"date":"2026-01-22T16:07:02","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T21:07:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccna-ccnv.ca\/?post_type=ccna_publication&#038;p=17528"},"modified":"2026-06-04T14:24:41","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T18:24:41","slug":"biological-sex-and-bilingualism-its-impact-on-risk-and-resilience-for-dementia","status":"publish","type":"ccna_publication","link":"https:\/\/ccna-ccnv.ca\/fr\/ccna_publication\/biological-sex-and-bilingualism-its-impact-on-risk-and-resilience-for-dementia\/","title":{"rendered":"Biological sex and bilingualism: Its impact on risk and resilience for dementia"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<section id=\"alz087692-sec-0010\"><\/section>\n<section id=\"alz087692-sec-0040\">\n<section id=\"dad270255-sec-0010\" class=\"article-section__content\">\n<p id=\"dad270255-sec-0010-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong>: The relationship between biological sex, considered a risk factor for Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD), and bilingualism, a resilience factor, is unclear. We assessed this relationship in 335 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a Canadian cohort.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\"><strong>Methods<\/strong>: We used univariate analysis and structural equation modelling to study the relationship between female sex and bilingualism. We created a resilience index (RI) for each participant using the residual approach. Logistic and linear regressions predicted cognitive and brain health in relation to RI.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\"><strong>Results<\/strong>: Overall, bilingual males had increased RI. Higher RI was associated with less risk of AD and less neuropathology and glial activation as indexed by plasma p-tau181, neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"dad270255-sec-0040\" class=\"article-section__content\">\n<p id=\"dad270255-sec-0040-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\"><strong>Discussion<\/strong>: In MCI, the combination of elevated estradiol levels due to aromatization and bilingualism may provide synergistic protection for verbal memory, making old bilingual males more resilient.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"studies-relation":[91,162],"class_list":["post-17528","ccna_publication","type-ccna_publication","status-publish","hentry","studies-relation-sexe-et-genre","studies-relation-wsgd-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Biological sex and bilingualism: Its impact on risk and resilience for dementia - 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